Section508.gov

Glossary Instructions

The Glossary items correspond to titles of available Quick Links. You can search the Glossary by using your internet browser’s “Find on this Page” function. If you find a glossary item that matches your needs, choose select at the bottom of the term to select that EIT deliverable and return Home to get a Quick Link.

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Call (Contact/Help Desk) Center Services

UNSPSC Code:

83111507 Call center bureau services
81111811 Technical support or help desk services

Definition of Deliverable

Service deliverables relevant to Section 508 considerations are EIT Information Content, Custom EIT Products and EIT-related Labor Hours. Accessibility considerations for Custom EIT Products are the same as for COTS products.

The EIT-related service deliverables are contractor provided operation, maintenance and/or support of ongoing government Call Center activities. Call Centers, also called Contact Centers and Help Desks can include inbound (from customers) or outbound (to customers) or blended (inbound and outbound) calls. Call Centers also can include a variety of media including telephony, email and internet chat. Other Call Center technologies include automatic call distribution for incoming calls what ever the media and automated dialing for outbound telephony.

Cloud Computing

UNSPSC Code:

43231500 Business function specific software
43232100 Content authoring and editing software
43232500 Educational or reference software
43232600 Industry specific software
43232700 Network applications software
43232900 Networking software
81112100 Internet services

Definition of Deliverable

Below is a definition of cloud computing from National Institute of Standards and Technology, Information Technology Laboratory (Peter Mell and Tim Grance, Version 15, 10-7-09 http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/SNS/cloud-computing/index.html):

“Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. This cloud model promotes availability and is composed of five essential characteristics, three service models, and four deployment models.

Essential Characteristics:

On-demand self-service. A consumer can unilaterally provision computing capabilities, such as server time and network storage, as needed automatically without requiring human interaction with each service’s provider.
Broad network access. Capabilities are available over the network and accessed through standard mechanisms that promote use by heterogeneous thin or thick client platforms (e.g., mobile phones, laptops, and PDAs).
Resource pooling. The provider’s computing resources are pooled to serve multiple consumers using a multi-tenant model, with different physical and virtual resources dynamically assigned and reassigned according to consumer demand. There is a sense of location independence in that the customer generally has no control or knowledge over the exact location of the provided resources but may be able to specify location at a higher level of abstraction (e.g., country, state, or datacenter). Examples of resources include storage, processing, memory, network bandwidth, and virtual machines.
Rapid elasticity. Capabilities can be rapidly and elastically provisioned, in some cases automatically, to quickly scale out and rapidly released to quickly scale in. To the consumer, the capabilities available for provisioning often appear to be unlimited and can be purchased in any quantity at any time.
Measured Service. Cloud systems automatically control and optimize resource use by leveraging a metering capability at some level of abstraction appropriate to the type of service (e.g., storage, processing, bandwidth, and active user accounts). Resource usage can be monitored, controlled, and reported providing transparency for both the provider and consumer of the utilized service.

Service Models:

Cloud Software as a Service (SaaS). The capability provided to the consumer is to use the provider’s applications running on a cloud infrastructure. The applications are accessible from various client devices through a thin client interface such as a web browser (e.g., web-based email). The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure including network, servers, operating systems, storage, or even individual application capabilities, with the possible exception of limited user-specific application configuration settings.
Cloud Platform as a Service (PaaS). The capability provided to the consumer is to deploy onto the cloud infrastructure consumer-created or acquired applications created using programming languages and tools supported by the provider. The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure including network, servers, operating systems, or storage, but has control over the deployed applications and possibly application hosting environment configurations.
Cloud Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). The capability provided to the consumer is to provision processing, storage, networks, and other fundamental computing resources where the consumer is able to deploy and run arbitrary software, which can include operating systems and applications. The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure but has control over operating systems, storage, deployed applications, and possibly limited control of select networking components (e.g., host firewalls).

Deployment Models:

Private cloud. The cloud infrastructure is operated solely for an organization. It may be managed by the organization or a third party and may exist on premise or off premise.
Community cloud. The cloud infrastructure is shared by several organizations and supports a specific community that has shared concerns (e.g., mission, security requirements, policy, and compliance considerations). It may be managed by the organizations or a third party and may exist on premise or off premise.
Public cloud. The cloud infrastructure is made available to the general public or a large industry group and is owned by an organization selling cloud services.
Hybrid cloud. The cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or more clouds (private, community, or public) that remain unique entities but are bound together by standardized or proprietary technology that enables data and application portability (e.g., cloud bursting for load-balancing between clouds).

Note: Cloud software takes full advantage of the cloud paradigm by being service oriented with a focus on statelessness, low coupling, modularity, and semantic interoperability.”

The standards for connecting the computer systems and the software needed to make cloud computing work are not fully defined at present time, leaving many companies to define their own cloud computing technologies. Systems offered by companies, like IBM’s “Blue Cloud” technologies for example, are based on open standards and open source software which link together computers that are used to deliver Web 2.0 capabilities like mash-ups or mobile commerce. (http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/c/cloud_computing.html)

Security is a main concern for government. There is a need to verify security at a level greater than NIST Security Level 1 (Low) before there will be widespread use of Cloud Computing.

Cloud Computing may involve a dedicated server, telecommunications products, computers and computer hardware, but these are additional EIT deliverables that require Government Product Accessibility Templates.

Computer-based Training

UNSPSC Code:

86000000 (segment) Education and Training Services
43232500 Educational or reference software
- 43232502 Computer based training software

Definition of Deliverable

“Computer-Based Trainings (CBTs) are self-paced learning activities accessible via a computer or handheld device. CBTs typically present content in a linear fashion, much like reading an online book or manual. For this reason they are often used to teach static processes, such as using software or completing mathematical equations. The term Computer-Based Training is often used interchangeably with Web-based training (WBT) with the primary difference being the delivery method. Where CBTs are typically delivered via CD-ROM, WBTs are delivered via the Internet using a web browser. Assessing learning in a CBT usually comes in the form of multiple choice questions, or other assessments that can be easily scored by a computer.” (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-based_training#Computer-Based_Training)

1194.21 Software and operating system requirements apply to the means of training delivery.

In addition, if training information is intended to be made available in a multimedia format by the agency, Section 508 must be considered as a requirement on the delivered content to assure that it considers the specific Section 508 accessibility requirements detailed in Section 1194.24.

If acquisition of telecommunications products or information kiosks or computer hardware is required to deliver the training these are additional EIT deliverables requiring their own Government Product Accessibility Templates.

Computer Monitor

UNSPSC Code:

43211900 Computer displays
- 43211901 Cathode ray tube CRT monitors
- 43211902 Liquid crystal display LCD panels or monitors
- 43211903 Touch screen monitors
- 43211904 Plasma display panels PDP

Definition of Deliverable

Computer monitors are defined below: (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_monitor)

“A monitor or display (sometimes called a visual display unit) is an electronic visual display for computers. The monitor comprises the display device, circuitry, and an enclosure. The display device in modern monitors is typically a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) thin panel, while older monitors use a cathode ray tube about as deep as the screen size.

The first computer monitors used Cathode ray tubes (CRTs), which was the dominant technology until they were replaced by LCD monitors in the 21st Century.

Originally, computer monitors were used for data processing while television receivers were used for entertainment. From the 1980s onwards, computers (and their monitors) have been used for both data processing and entertainment, while televisions have implemented some computer functionality. The common aspect ratio of televisions, and then computer monitors, has also changed from 4:3 to 16:9.”

Computer Printer and Maintenance

UNSPSC Code:

43212100 Computer printers
- 43212101 Band printers
- 43212102 Dot matrix printers
- 43212103 Dye sublimination printers
- 43212104 Inkjet printers
- 43212105 Laser printers
- 43212106 Line matrix printers
- 43212107 Plotter printers
- 43212108 Thermal tape printers
- 43212109 Bag tag printer
- 43212111 Airline ticket or boarding pass ATB printers
- 43212112 Point of sale POS receipt printers
- 43212113 Compact disc CD or labeling printers
- 43212114 Digital image printers
- 43212115 Bar code printer
- 43212116 Radio frequency identification RFID tag printer

Definition of Deliverable

Printers are defined below. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_printers)

“In computing, a printer is a peripheral which produces a hard copy (permanent readable text and/or graphics) of documents stored in electronic form, usually on physical print media such as paper or transparencies. Many printers are primarily used as local peripherals, and are attached by a printer cable or, in most newer printers, a USB cable to a computer which serves as a document source. Some printers, commonly known as network printers, have built-in network interfaces (typically wireless and/or Ethernet), and can serve as a hardcopy device for any user on the network. Individual printers are often designed to support both local and network connected users at the same time. In addition, a few modern printers can directly interface to electronic media such as memory sticks or memory cards, or to image capture devices such as digital cameras, scanners; some printers are combined with a scanners and/or fax machines in a single unit, and can function as photocopiers. Printers that include non-printing features are sometimes called Multifunction printers (MFP), Multi-Function Devices (MFD), or All-In-One (AIO) printers. Most MFPs include printing, scanning, and copying among their features.)”

Most computer printers include driver software and some, for example dye sublimation photo printers include application software. Both driver and application software must conform to applicable Section 508 Standards from Section 1194.21, even if they are not actually used.

Maintenance for Computer Printers includes driver and application software updates and must conform to applicable Section 508 Standards from Section 1194.21, even if they are not actually used.

Data Services or Information Retrieval Systems

UNSPSC Code:

81111900 Information retrieval systems
- 81111901 Database information retrieval
- 81111902 On line database information retrieval
81112000 Data services
- 81112001 On line data processing
- 81112002 Data processing or preparation services
- 81112003 Data center services
- 81112004 Disaster recovery services
- 81112005 Document scanning service
- 81112006 Data storage service
- 81112007 Content or data standardization services
- 81112008 CD rom mastering services
- 81112009 Content or data classification services
- 81112010 Data conversion service

Definition of Deliverable

EIT-related labor hour deliverables included in this Quick Link are contractor provided management, operation, maintenance and/or support of government data services or information retrieval systems. There is no standard or quasi-standard (e.g. Wikipedia) definition for data services. Date services and information retrieval systems are generally a combination of software and web applications for accessing and integrating data across organizations and components within organizations.

Desktop/Portable Computer and Maintenance

UNSPSC Code:

43211500 Computers
- 43211503 Notebook computers
- 43211506 Thin client computers
- 43211507 Desktop computers
- 43211508 Personal computers
- 43211509 Tablet computers
- 43211513 Ultra mobile personal computer
- 43211514 Computer kiosk
- 43211515 Computer workstation

Definition of Deliverable

Wikipedia lumps the definition of desktop and portable computers into personal computers (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computer)

“A personal computer (PC) is any general-purpose computer whose size, capabilities, and original sales price make it useful for individuals, and which is intended to be operated directly by an end user, with no intervening computer operator. This is in contrast to the batch processing or time-sharing models which allowed large expensive mainframe systems to be used by many people, usually at the same time, or large data processing systems which required a full-time staff to operate efficiently.

A personal computer may be a desktop computer, a laptop, tablet PC or a handheld PC (also called palmtop). The most common microprocessors in personal computers are x86-compatible CPUs. Software applications for personal computers include word processing, spreadsheets, databases, Web browsers and e-mail clients, games, and myriad personal productivity and special-purpose software. Modern personal computers often have high-speed or dial-up connections to the Internet, allowing access to the World Wide Web and a wide range of other resources.”

Desktop and personal computers are one major Technical Section (1194.26) of the Standard, but frequently overlooked is that these computers typically come with software and operating systems and are therefore subject to Section 1194.21 Software and operating systems. Portable computers generally include both input devices such as keyboards, keypads, and touchscreens, and monitors as integral components. Requirements for portable computer input devices and monitors are included in this analysis. But, it should be noted that only a few portable computer monitors include internal television tuners. If keyboards and monitors are purchased with desktop computers, these should be considered as separate EIT deliverables.

Maintenance for Desktop or Portable Computer includes driver and application software updates and must conform to applicable Section 508 Standards from Section 1194.21.

Maintenance for Portable Computers covers keyboards, keypads, touchscreens, stylus, pencils, etc., typically included as a feature in portable computers.

Maintenance for Portable Computers covers monitors included with portable computers.

Digital Camera

UNSPSC Code:

45121504 Digital Cameras

Definition of Deliverable

Wikipedia’s definition for a digital camera is below. “A digital camera (or digicam for short) is a camera that takes video or still photographs, or both, digitally by recording images via an electronic image sensor.

Many compact digital still cameras can record sound and moving video as well as still photographs.

Digital cameras can do things film cameras cannot: displaying images on a screen immediately after they are recorded, storing thousands of images on a single small memory device, recording video with sound, and deleting images to free storage space. Some can crop pictures and perform other elementary image editing.” (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_camera)

Digital cameras contain embedded software that can perform a variety of image processing functions. In addition, digital cameras often come with software that can be loaded on a computer for use in image processing camera images that must conform to Section 508, even if there is no intention of using it.

eBooks

UNSPSC Code:

55111500 Electronic publications and music

There are three Quick Links associated with eBooks: eBooks (this Quick Link) or publications in digital form, dedicated eBook Readers that come with eBook Reader Software, and eBook Reader Software that is designed to be used on a personal computer, PDA or smartphone.

An electronic book (also e-book, ebook, digital book) is a book-length publication in digital form, consisting of text, images, or both, and produced on, published through, and readable on computers or other electronic devices… Sometimes the equivalent of a conventional printed book, e-books can also be born digital. The Oxford Dictionary of English defines the e-book as “an electronic version of a printed book,”.. but e-books can and do exist without any printed equivalent. E-books are usually read on dedicated hardware devices known as e-Readers or e-book devices. Personal computers and some cell phones can also be used to read e-books. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-book) For this Quick Link, eBooks refers only to the software format for publication, not eBook software or eBook devices. EBooks typically include a web-based user interface with subscription or free eBook providers.

Note: eBooks are moving toward a free open standard format called ePUB (electronic publication). ePub version 2.0.1 uses XHTML 1.1 to render the content of the eBbook. eBooks published in the ePUB format are subject to technical provisions included in Section 1194.22 Web-based Internet and Intranet Information and Applications and 1194.31 Functional Performance Criteria. eBooks published in proprietary formats are only subject to 1194.31 Functional Performance Criteria. eBook Content in proprietary formats, however, should be subject to technical requirements similar to 14 technical requirements included in 1194.22 (see Summary) to meet these Functional Performance Criteria.

eBooks Reader

UNSPSC Code:

43211509 Tablet computers

There are three Quick Links associated with eBooks: eBooks or publications in digital form, dedicated eBook Readers (this Quick Link) that come with eBook Reader Software, and eBook Reader Software that is designed to be used on a personal computer, PDA or smartphone. Dedicated eBook Readers and eBook Software used with other devices connect to subscription or free web service that provides information in the form of eBooks.

“An e-book reader, also called an e-book device or e-reader, is a portable electronic device that is designed primarily for the purpose of reading digital books and periodicals.

An e-book reader is similar in form to a tablet computer. A tablet computer typically has a faster screen capable of higher refresh rates which makes them more suitable for interaction. The main advantages of e-book readers are better readability of their screens especially in bright sunlight and longer battery life. This is achieved by using electronic paper technology to display content to readers. Any device that can display text on a screen can act as an e-book reader, but without the advantages of the e-paper technology.” (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_e-book_readers)

eBooks Software

UNSPSC Code:

43232106 Presentation software
43232104 Word processing software

There are three Quick Links associated with eBooks: eBooks or publications in digital form, dedicated eBook Readers that come with eBook Reader Software, and eBook Reader Software (this Quick Link) that is designed to be used on a personal computer, PDA or smartphone. Dedicated eBook Readers and eBook Software used with other devices connect to subscription or free web service that provides information in the form of eBooks.

“There is a wide variety of eBook (presentation) software available on a wide variety of formats. The most popular formats for commercial eBooks include PDF, MOBI, LIT, and eReader roughly in that order. (ePUB is a new emerging standard format.) … If you add dedicated eBook Readers then you would have to add BBeB, … and .. AZW to the list of popular formats.” (https://wiki.mobileread.com/wiki/E-book_software ).

Most eBook applications include a web-based user interface, while some use standard web browsers. In addition, some eBook software includes word processing functions for authoring eBooks.

Electronic Documents

“An electronic document is any electronic media content (other than computer programs or system files) that are intended to be used in either an electronic form or as printed output.” (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_document).

Fax Only

UNSPSC Code:

44101502 Facsimile Machines

Definition of Deliverable

A facsimile (fax) machine, “processes the contents (text or images) [of scanned, printed material] as a single fixed graphic image, converting it into a bitmap, and then transmitting it through the telephone system in the form of audio-frequency tones..” (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fax)

Internet or “online faxing” sends and receives document facsimiles via an Internet connection usually with a Web interface. No special equipment or software beyond computers, printers, and a Web browser are required. Fax machines may come with driver software. This software, whether it is used or not, is subject to Section 508 requirements, specifically 1194.21 Software Applications and Operating Systems.

GPS Navigation Device

UNSPSC Code:

52161518 Global positioning system receivers

Definition of Deliverable

“A GPS navigation device is any device that receives Global Positioning System (GPS) signals for the purpose of determining the device’s current location on Earth. GPS devices provide latitude and longitude information, and some may also calculate altitude, although this is not considered sufficiently accurate or continuously available enough (due to the possibility of signal blockage and other factors) to rely on exclusively to pilot aircraft. GPS devices are used in military, aviation, marine and consumer product applications. GPS devices may also have additional capabilities such as:

containing all types of maps, like streets maps, which may be displayed in human readable format via text or in a graphical format
providing suggested directions to a human in charge of a vehicle or vessel via text or speech
providing directions directly to an autonomous vehicle such as a robotic probe
providing information on traffic conditions (either via historical or real time data) and suggesting alternative directions
providing information on nearby amenities such as restaurants, fueling stations, etc.

In other words, all GPS devices can answer the question “Where am I?”, and may also be able to answer:

which roads or paths are available to me now?
which roads or paths should I take in order to get to my desired destination?
if some roads are usually busy at this time or are busy right now, what would be a better route to take?
where can I get something to eat nearby or where can I get fuel for my vehicle?
the shortest route between two locations…

Consumer GPS navigation devices include:

Dedicated GPS navigation devices
GPS modules that need to be connected to a computer to be used
GPS loggers that record trip information for download. Such GPS tracking is useful for trailblazing, mapping by hikers and cyclists, and the production of geocoded photographs.
Converged devices, including GPS Phones and GPS cameras, in which GPS is a feature rather than the main purpose of the device. Those devices are the majority and may use assisted GPS or standalone (not network dependent) or both. The vulnerability of consumer GPS to radio frequency interference from planned wireless data services is controversial.” (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPS_navigation_device)

This Quick Link is for Dedicated GPS navigation systems. Dedicated devices are typically two types, either handheld or devices intended for use in automobiles. GPS that are used in automobiles can be either mobile or a permanently installed component. Mobile automotive GPS systems can be used outside the car.

Information Content Services

UNSPSC Code:

82110000 Writing and translations
- 82111500 Technical writing
- 82111501 Instruction writing services
- 82111502 Manual writing services
- 82111503 Academic or scientific article writing

Definition of Deliverable

EIT Information Content refers to the delivery of EIT-related expertise, and skills through documents, reports, videos, and multimedia productions. The content might include topics that address EIT products and EIT-related services.

Further, the formats in which the knowledge is delivered might be EIT. The current Section 508 technical standards explicitly cover three types of delivery, namely web-based information, videos, and multimedia. Electronic documents and reports available from word processing, spreadsheet, presentation, graphic, and database software are covered through the provisions for information, documentation and support detailed in 1194.41. The software used by the service provider to create electronic documents does not have to conform to Section 508. The documents delivered using the software must conform.

Internet or Intranet Services

UNSPSC Code:

81110000 Computer services
- 81111500 Software or hardware engineering
  - 81111509 Internet or intranet client application development services
  - 81111510 Internet or intranet server application development services
- 81112100 Internet services
  - 81112101 Internet service providers ISP
  - 81112102 Electronic mail service provider
  - 81112103 World wide web WWW site design services
  - 81112104 Web search engine providers
  - 81112105 World wide web WWW site operation host services
  - 81112106 Application service providers

Definition of Deliverable

The EIT-related service deliverables in this Quick Link include contractor provided management, operation, maintenance and/or support of government Internet and intranet services. The difference between this Quick Link and the Web Application Quick Link is that in this case the agency is not buying a specific COTS product. One of the services an agency can buy is a development product, which would be the same as the Quick Link for a COTS product, but there are also other services included in this Quick Link, including Web hosting, web-mail services, etc. Although the applicable provisions are the same in the Quick Links for Web Applications and for Internet/Intranet Services, the recommended solicitation language is different.

Finally, cloud computing is an Internet/Intranet Service, but there is a separate Quick Link specifically for Cloud Computing because of its increasing importance to federal agencies.

IP Telephones

UNSPSC Code:

43191511 IP phones

Definition of Deliverable

This Quick Link refers only to IP phones. Traditional phones and cell phones are the subject of other Quick Link s. In addition, Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS), VoIP, and wireless telephone services are the subject of other Quick Links . In addition,. As the Access Board states, “Federal procurement officials need to understand that each product in the transmission path must be examined for compliance with this provision. The overall telecommunications system (both services and hardware) must be selected to ensure that valid signals will not be corrupted along the way to the user.” (https://www.access-board.gov/ict/guide/telecom_tutorial.html)

Different types of “telephones” and telephone services have proliferated in recent years. Wireless phones have all but replaced traditional telephones deliver communication over wires. “Voice over IP (VoIP) is a general term for a family of transmission technologies for delivery of voice communications over IP networks such as the Internet or other packet-switched networks. Other terms frequently encountered and synonymous with VoIP are IP telephony, Internet telephony, voice over broadband (VoBB), broadband telephony, and broadband phone.” (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_over_IP). VoIP includes both Softphones and PC-based VoIP. Softphones look very much like traditional phones, but use the Internet or private IP Networks to communicate. PC-based VoIP uses a computer’s microphone and speakers or headset to communicate. In addition, PC-based and Softphone-bases systems can interoperate.

Keyboards and Keypads

UNSPSC Code:

43211700 Computer data input devices
- 43211706 Keyboards
- 43211713 Touch pads

Definition of Deliverable

Three different types of Computer Input Devices are the Subject of Quick Links: Keyboards (including Keypads); Pointing Devices; and, Video and Imaging Input Devices . Keyboards are the subject of this Quick Link.

A definition of Computer Input Devices from Wikipedia is below. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Input_device#High-degree_of_freedom_input_d…) “An input device is any peripheral (piece of computer hardware equipment) used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system (such as a computer).”

A definition of keyboards is from Wikipedia is below. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboard_%28computing%29)

“In computing, a keyboard is an input device, partially modeled after the typewriter keyboard, which uses an arrangement of buttons or keys, to act as mechanical levers or electronic switches. A keyboard typically has characters engraved or printed on the keys and each press of a key typically corresponds to a single written symbol. However, to produce some symbols requires pressing and holding several keys simultaneously or in sequence. While most keyboard keys produce letters, numbers or signs (characters), other keys or simultaneous key presses can produce actions or computer commands.”

Keypads are defined in two ways by the Merriam-Webster dictionary:

“A small set of keys that is part of a larger keyboard or another device (such as a telephone or calculator)” (https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/keypad)
“a small, usually numerical keyboard” (https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/keypad)

Management Information System Services

UNSPSC Code:

81111700 Management information system services
- 81111703 Electronic data interchange EDI design
- 81111704 Database design
- 81111705 Systems architecture

Definition of Deliverable

The EIT-related service deliverables included in this Quick Link are contractor provided management, operation, and/or support of government management information systems.

According to Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management_information_systems)

“An MIS is a planned system of the collecting, processing, storing and disseminating data in the form of information needed to carry out the functions of management. In a way it is a documented report of the activities that were planned and executed.”

Mobile Application

Definition of Deliverable

A mobile app is a computer program designed to run on smartphones, tablet computers and other mobile devices. Apps are usually available through application distribution platforms, which began appearing in 2008 and are typically operated by the owner of the mobile operating system, such as the Apple App Store, Google Play, Windows Phone Store, and BlackBerry App World. Some apps are free, while others must be bought. Usually, they are downloaded from the platform to a target device, such as an iPhone, BlackBerry, Android phone or Windows Phone, but sometimes they can be downloaded to laptops or desktop computers. For apps with a price, generally a percentage, 20-30%, goes to the distribution provider (such as iTunes), and the rest goes to the producer of the app. 1 The same app can therefore cost the average Smartphone user a different price depending on whether they use iPhone, Android, or BlackBerry 10 devices.

The term “app” is a shortening of the term “application software”. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_app)

Multifunction Machines and Maintenance

UNSPSC Code:

44101500 Duplicating Machines
- 44101503 Multifunction Machines

Definition of Deliverable

A multifunctional machine or multifunctional printer (MFP) “is an office machine which incorporates the functionality of multiple devices in one, so as to have a smaller footprint…or to provide centralized document management/distribution/production in a large-office setting. A typical MFP may act as a combination of some or all of the following devices: Printer, Scanner, Photocopier, Fax, E-mail” (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multifunction_printer)

Multifunctional machines typically include driver software and some come with application software to support advanced functionality such as optical character recognition, photo editing, etc. Both driver software and application software would be subject to Section 1194.21 Software applications and operating systems, even if there is no intention of using the application software.

Maintenance for Multifunction Machine includes both driver and application software updates and must conform to applicable Section 508 Standards from Section 1194.21, even if they are not actually used.

Pointing Devices

UNSPSC Code:

43211700 Computer data input devices
- 43211705 Game pads or joy sticks
- 43211707 Light stylus
- 43211708 Computer mouse or trackballs
- 43211709 Pressure stylus
- 43211712 Graphics tablets
- 43211713 Touch pads

Definition of Deliverable

Three different types of Computer Input Devices are the Subject of Quick Links: Keyboards; Pointing Devices; and, Video and Imaging Input Devices . Pointing Input Devices are the subject of this Quick Link.

A definition of Computer Input Devices from Wikipedia is below. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Input_device#High-degree_of_freedom_input_d…)

“An input device is any peripheral (piece of computer hardware equipment) used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system (such as a computer).”

Further, Pointing Devices are defined in Wikipedia as:

“A pointing device is any human interface device that allows a user to input spatial data to a computer. In the case of mice and touch screens, this is usually achieved by detecting movement across a physical surface. Analog devices, such as 3D mice, joysticks, or pointing sticks , function by reporting their angle of deflection. Movements of the pointing device are echoed on the screen by movements of the cursor, creating a simple, intuitive way to navigate a computer’s GUI.”

Scientific Instruments

UNSPSC Code:

41100000 Laboratory and scientific equipment
There are a very large number of different types of Scientific Instruments. Within this category, the following are some examples of Scientific Instruments:
- 41111500 Weight measuring instruments
  - 41111501 Electronic toploading balances
  - 41111513 Moisture balances
  - 41111517 Analytical balances
- 41111600 Length and thickness and distance measuring instruments
  - 41111616 Measuring wheels for distance
- 41111700 Viewing and observing instruments and accessories
  - 41111711 Electron microscopes
  - 41111720 Scanning electron microscopes
  - 41111721 Transmission electron microscopes
  - 41111722 Fluorescent microscopes
- 41111900 Indicating and recording instruments
  - 41111902 Electronic counters
- 41113000 Chemical evaluation instruments and supplies
  - 41113009 Thermal differential analyzers
  - 41113103 Chemical absorption gas analyzers
  - 41113107 Nitrogen gas analyzers
  - 41113110 Oxygen gas analyzers
- 41113600 Electrical measuring and testing equipment and accessories
  - 41113638 Oscilloscopes
- 41114100 Seismological instruments
  - 41114108 Vibrometers
- 41115400 Spectroscopic equipment
  - 41115403 Spectrometers
  - 41115404 Mass spectrometers
  - 41115405 Proton spectrometers
  - 41115407 Atomic absorption AA spectrometers
  - 41115408 Infrared spectrometers
  - 41115409 Nuclear magnetic resonance NMR spectrometers
  - 41115411 Inductively coupled plasma ICP spectrometers
  - 41115805 Blood gas analyzers
- 42271600 Pulmonary function testing and treatment products
  - 42271612 Pulmonary gas analyzers or monitors
- 60104800 Wave and sound physics materials
  - 60104814 Radiometer

For other UNSPSC codes search at http://www.unspsc.org.

Definition of Deliverable

Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_instrument) describes Scientific Instruments as follows:

“A Scientific Instrument can be any type of equipment, machine, apparatus or device …to facilitate or enable the pursuit, acquisition, transduction and storage of repeatable, verifiable data, usually consisting of sets numerical measurements made upon otherwise unknown, unproven quantities, properties, phenomena, materials, forces or etc., preferably as those characterized over time by an increasing degree of accuracy and precision and, typically, those initially derived as isolated or dependent variable results from, or empirical observations made during, the course of such experimental procedures as are firmly based upon the scientific method and long accepted tenants of experimental design.

Scientific Instruments are part of laboratory equipment, but are considered more sophisticated and more specialized than other measuring instruments as scales, meter sticks, chronometers, thermometers or even power or waveform generators. They are increasingly based upon the integration of computers to improve and simplify control, enhance and extend instrumental functions, conditions, parameter adjustments and data sampling, collection, resolution, analysis (both during and post-process), storage and retrieval. Individual instruments can also be connected as a local area network (LAN) and can be further integrated as part of a laboratory information management system (LIMS), that in addition to having Internet access to databases of such physical properties as compound spectra libraries through the World Wide Web for results comparisons and advanced data analysis as well as the obvious usefulness of now ubiquitous email for rapid exchange of informational text and images, consultation and peer review.”

If a scientific instrument is integrated with a computer or a monitor, the computer (and associated operating system) and the monitor would be separate EIT deliverables, requiring their own Government Product Accessibility Templates (GPAT). If the computer included application software, this software would be another EIT deliverable requiring its own GPAT.

Server

UNSPSC Code:

43211500 Computers
- 43211501 Computer servers
- 43211502 High end computer servers

Definition of Deliverable

“…a server is any combination of hardware or software designed to provide services to clients. When used alone, the term typically refers to a computer which may be running a server operating system, but is commonly used to refer to any software or dedicated hardware capable of providing services.” (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_%28computing%29) “…server computer, a computer dedicated for server applications

Application server, a server dedicated to running certain software applications
Communications server, carrier-grade computing platform for communications networks
Database server …
Fax server, provides fax services for clients
File server, provides file services
Game server, a server that video game clients connect to in order to play online together
Home server, a server for the home
Newsreader server, a server that feeds Usenet groups to client Newsreaders
Name Server or DNS server
Print server, provides printer services
Proxy server, provides database server in services
Sound server, provides multimedia broadcasting / streaming.
Standalone server, an emulator for client-server (web-based) programs
Web server, a server that HTTP clients connect to in order to send commands and receive responses along with data contents
Web Feed Server, a server that distributes, manages, and tracks internal and external RSS feeds in an enterprise
Client-server, a software architecture that separates “server” functions from “client” functions
The X Server, part of the X Window System
Peer-to-peer, a network of computers running as both clients and servers
Catalog server, a central search point for information across a distributed network”
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server)

Server computers are often mistakenly considered as “back office” exceptions from Section 508 requirements. In general, server hardware is part of the back office as it is located in “spaces frequented only by service personnel for maintenance, repair, or occasional monitoring”. However, servers have operating systems and application software that interacts with the user. Further, computer hardware is more than occasionally frequented. It is no much different than a desktop computer.

Smartphone and Maintenance

UNSPSC Code:

43211500 Computers
- 43211504 Personal digital assistant PDAs or organizers
43191500 Personal communication devices
- 43191501 Mobile phones

Definition of Deliverable

“A smartphone is a mobile phone offering advanced capabilities, often with PC-like functionality (PC-mobile handset convergence). There is no industry standard definition of a smartphone. For some, a smartphone is a phone that runs complete operating system software providing a standardized interface and platform for application developers. For others, a smartphone is simply a phone with advanced features like e-mail, Internet and e-book reader capabilities, and/or a built-in full keyboard or external USB keyboard and VGA connector. In other words, it is a miniature computer that has phone capability.” (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphone)

Smartphones may be purchased with a telecommunications services package. The services offered, therefore, are also subject to additional requirements within Section 1194.23 Telecommunications products.

Smartphones typically include software applications (such as browsers) and operating systems. Maintenance of Smartphone includes any new, modifications, patches, updates, etc to software applications and operating systems that are explicitly included in the maintenance SOW.

Smartphones can also include Webapps. Maintenance of Smartphone will include any new, modifications, patches, updates, etc to webapps that are explicitly included in the maintenance SOW.

Smartphones include telecommunications functions. Maintenance of Smartphone will cover telecommunication services that were procured with Smartphones

Many Smartphones are essentially PDAs with telecommunications functions. Maintenanace will cover Section 1194.26.

Software Development Services

UNSPSC Code:

81110000 Computer services
- 81111500 Software or hardware engineering
  - 81111501 Mainframe software applications design
  - 81111502 Personal computer PC application design
  - 81111503 Systems integration design
  - 81111504 Application programming services
  - 81111505 Operating system programming services
  - 81111506 Client or server programming services
  - 81111507 ERP or database applications programming services
  - 81111508 Application implementation services
- 81111600 Computer programmers
  - 81111601 Programming for Visual Basic
  - 81111602 Programming for Java
  - 81111603 Programming for HTML
  - 81111604 Programming for ALGOL
  - 81111605 Programming for Assembler
  - 81111606 Programming for Basic
  - 81111607 Programming for C or C++
  - 81111608 Programming for COBOL
  - 81111609 Programming for FORTRAN
  - 81111610 Programming for Pascal
  - 81111611 Programming for PL/1
  - 81111612 Programming or Proprietary Languages
  - 81111613 Programming for Perl
- 80111600 Temporary personnel services
  - 80111608 Temporary information technology software developers

Definition of Deliverable

The EIT-related service deliverables included in this Quick Link are contractor provided maintenance and/or support of government software applications or operating systems.

According to Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_maintenance)

“Software maintenance in software engineering is the modification of a software product after delivery to correct faults, to improve performance or other attributes, or to adapt the product to a modified environment.”

Software- Application and Operating System Software

UNSPSC Code:

2203605 Medical x ray film archiving system software
43230000 Software
- 43231500 Business function specific software
  o 43231501 Helpdesk or call center software
  o 43231503 Procurement software
  o 43231505 Human resources software
  o 43231506 Materials requirements planning logistics and supply chain software
  o 43231507 Project management software
  o 43231508 Inventory management software
  o 43231509 Bar coding software
  o 43231510 Label making software
  o 43231511 Expert system software
  o 43231512 License management software
  o 43231513 Office suite software
  o 43231514 Sales and marketing software
  o 43231515 Mailing and shipping software
- 43231600 Finance accounting and enterprise resource planning ERP software
  o 43231601 Accounting software
  o 43231602 Enterprise resource planning ERP software
  o 43231603 Tax preparation software
  o 43231604 Financial analysis software
  o 43231605 Time accounting software
- 43232000 Computer game or entertainment software
  o 43232004 Family software
  o 43232005 Music or sound editing software
- 43232100 Content authoring and editing software
  o 43232101 Pattern design software
  o 43232102 Graphics or photo imaging software
  o 43232103 Video creation and editing software
  o 43232104 Word processing software
  o 43232105 Charting software
  o 43232106 Presentation software
  o 43232107 Web page creation and editing software
  o 43232108 Calendar and scheduling software
  o 43232110 Spreadsheet software
  o 43232111 Optical character reader OCR or scanning software
  o 43232112 Desktop publishing software
- 43232200 Content management software
  o 43232201 Content workflow software
  o 43232202 Document management software
  o 43232203 File versioning software
  o 43232204 Embedded text entry software
  o 43232205 Fonts software
- 43232300 Data management and query software
  o 43232301 Categorization or classification software
  o 43232302 Clustering software
  o 43232303 Customer relationship management CRM software
  o 43232304 Data base management system software
  o 43232305 Data base reporting software
  o 43232306 Data base user interface and query software
  o 43232307 Data mining software
  o 43232309 Information retrieval or search software
  o 43232310 Metadata management software
  o 43232311 Object oriented data base management software
  o 43232312 Portal server software
  o 43232313 Transaction server software
- 43232400 Development software
  o 43232401 Configuration management software
  o 43232402 Development environment software
  o 43232403 Enterprise application integration software
  o 43232404 Graphical user interface development software
  o 43232405 Object or component oriented development software
  o 43232406 Program testing software
  o 43232407 Requirements analysis and system architecture software
  o 43232408 Web platform development software
  o 43232409 Compiler and decompiler software
- 43232500 Educational or reference software
  o 43232501 Foreign language software
  o 43232502 Computer based training software
  o 43232504 Route navigation software
  o 43232505 Multi-media educational software
  o 43232506 Encyclopedia software
  o 43232507 Dictionary software
  o 43232508 Phonebook software
- 43232600 Industry specific software
  o 43232601 Aviation ground support software
  o 43232602 Aviation test software
  o 43232603 Facilities management software
  o 43232604 Computer aided design CAD software
  o 43232605 Analytical or scientific software
  o 43232606 Compliance software
  o 43232607 Flight control software
  o 43232608 Industrial control software
  o 43232609 Library software
  o 43232610 Medical software
  o 43232611 Point of sale POS software
  o 43232612 Computer aided manufacturing CAM software
  o 43232613 Manufacturing execution system MES software
- 43232700 Network applications software
  o 43232701 Application server software
  o 43232702 Desktop communications software
  o 43232703 Interactive voice response software
  o 43232704 Internet directory services software
  o 43232705 Internet browser software
- 43232800 Network management software
  o 43232801 Network monitoring software
  o 43232802 Network operating system enhancement software
  o 43232803 Optical network management software
  o 43232804 Administration software
  o 43232805 Internet protocol IP multimedia subsystem software
- 43232900 Networking software
  o 43232901 Access software
  o 43232902 Communications server software
  o 43232903 Contact center software
  o 43232904 Fax software
  o 43232905 LAN software
  o 43232906 Multiplexer software
  o 43232907 Storage networking software
  o 43232908 Switch or router software
  o 43232909 WAN switching software and firmware
  o 43232910 Wireless software
  o 43232911 Network connectivity terminal emulation software
  o 43232912 Gateway software
  o 43232913 Bridge software
  o 43232914 Modem software
  o 43232915 Platform interconnectivity software
  o 43232916 Infrared data transfer irda software
- 43233000 Operating environment software
  43233001 Filesystem software
  43233002 Network operation system software
  43233004 Operating system software
  43233200 Security and protection software
  o 43233201 Authentication server software
  o 43233203 Network security or virtual private network VPN management software
  o 43233204 Network security and virtual private network VPN equipment software
  o 43233205 Transaction security and virus protection software
- 43233400 Utility and device driver software
  o 43233401 Compact disc CD server software
  o 43233402 Data conversion software
  o 43233403 Data compression software
  o 43233404 Compact disc CD or DVD or sound card software
  o 43233405 Device drivers or system software
  o 43233406 Ethernet driver software
  o 43233407 Graphics card driver software
  o 43233410 Printer driver software
  o 43233411 Screen saver software
  o 43233413 Voice recognition software
  o 43233414 Storage media loading software
  o 43233415 Backup or archival software
  o 43233417 Handwriting recognition software components
  o 43233420 Text to speech conversion software
- 43233500 Information exchange software
  o 43233501 Electronic mail software
  o 43233502 Video conferencing software
  o 43233503 Network conferencing software
  o 43233504 Instant messaging software
  o 43233505 Ambient music or advertising messaging software
  o 43233506 Map creation software
  o 43233507 Mobile operator specific standard software
  o 43233508 Mobile operator specific application software
  o 43233509 Mobile messaging service software
  o 43233510 Mobile internet services software
  o 43233511 Mobile location based services software
  o 43233512 Ring tone software
- 43233600 Electrical Equipment software
  o 43233601 Motor Drive Software
  o 43233602 Power Monitor Software
  o 43233603 Programmable Logic Control Software
- 43233700 System management software
  o 43233701 Enterprise system management software
  o 55111600 Electronic software reference material
  o 55111601 Electronic software documentation or user manuals

Definition of Deliverable

“Application software, also known as an application or an app, is computer software designed to help the user to perform specific tasks. Examples include enterprise software, accounting software, office suites, graphics software and media players. Many application programs deal principally with documents. Applications may be bundled with the computer and its system software, or may be published separately. In recent years, the abbreviation “app” has specifically come to mean application software written for mobile devices, with the abbreviation in particular representing both the smaller size and smaller scope of the software (i.e. an app whose sole purpose is to display an image representation of the current weather). Application software is contrasted with system software and middleware, which manage and integrate a computer’s capabilities, but typically do not directly apply in the performance of tasks that benefit the user. The system software serves the application, which in turn serves the user.”
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_software)

“An operating system (OS) is a collection of software that manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for computer programs. The operating system is a vital component of the system software in a computer system. Application programs usually require an operating system to function.”
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system)

The accessibility requirements for either application software or operating system software are the same.

Software-Driver Software

UNSPSC Code:

43233400 Utility and device driver software
- 43233405 Device drivers or system software
- 43233406 Ethernet driver software
- 43233407 Graphics card driver software
- 43233410 Printer driver software

Definition of Deliverable

“In computing, a device driver or software driver is a computer program that operates or controls a particular type of device that is attached to a computer. A driver typically communicates with the device through the computer bus or communications subsystem to which the hardware connects. When a calling program invokes a routine in the driver, the driver issues commands to the device. Once the device sends data back to the driver, the driver may invoke routines in the original calling program. Drivers are hardware-dependent and operating-system-specific. They usually provide the interrupt handling required for any necessary asynchronous time-dependent hardware interface.”
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_driver)

Software Maintenance Services

UNSPSC Code:

81112200 Software maintenance and support
- 81112201 Maintenance or support fees
- 81112202 Software patches or upgrades

Definition of Deliverable

The EIT-related service deliverables included in this Quick Link are contractor provided management, operation, and/or support of government software applications or operating systems. The scope of software development and programming activities covered by the Section 508 standard is evident in the list of UNSPC services above. Software development and programming are related but not the same. Wikipedia provides a good discussion of the roles and differences between software developers and programmers.

“A software developer is a person or organization concerned with facets of the software development process. They can be involved in aspects wider than design and coding, a somewhat broader scope of computer programming or a specialty of project managing including some aspects of software product management. This person might contribute to the overview of the project on the application level rather than component level or individual programming tasks. …

A programmer is responsible for writing source code, but a developer could be involved in wider aspects of the software development process such as:

Participation in software product definition, including business case or gap analysis
Specification
Requirements analysis
Development and refinement of throw-away simulations or prototypes to confirm requirements
Feasibility and Cost-benefit analysis, including the choice of application architecture and framework, leading to the budget and schedule for the project
Design
Implementation (e.g. installation, configuration, programming/customization, integration, data migration)
Authoring of documentation needed by users and implementation partners etc.
Testing, including defining/supporting acceptance testing and gathering feedback from pre-release testers
Participation in software release and post-release activities, including support for product launch evangelism (e.g. developing demonstrations and/or samples) and competitive analysis for subsequent product build/release cycles
Maintenance” (

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_developer)

There are no differences in the roles however in terms of the applicability of Section 508 provisions.

Systems Administration

UNSPSC Code:

81111800 System administrators
- 81111801 Computer or network or internet security
- 81111802 Mainframe administration services
- 81111803 Local area network LAN maintenance or support
- 81111804 Wide area network WAN maintenance or support
- 81111805 Proprietary or licensed systems maintenance or support
- 81111806 Database analysis
- 81111807 Data storage
- 81111808 Systems analysis
- 81111809 System installation
- 81111810 Software coding
- 81111811 Technical support or help desk services
- 81111812 Computer hardware maintenance or support
- 81111814 Co location service
- 81111818 Third party warranty
- 81111819 Quality assurance services
- 81111820 System usability services

Definition of Deliverable

The EIT-related service deliverables included in this Quick Link are contractor provided management operation, maintenance and/or support of ongoing computer system or network. System administration is then maintenance of a computer system or network and requires knowledge of operating systems, software applications, software troubleshooting, computer hardware and peripherals, such as printers, monitors, etc.

According to Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_administrator):

Systems Administrators “are usually charged with installing, supporting, and maintaining servers or other computer systems, and planning for and responding to service outages and other problems. Other duties might include scripting or light programming, project management for systems-related projects, supervising or training computer operators, and being the consultant for computer problems beyond the knowledge of technical support staff. A system administrator must demonstrate a blend of technical skills and responsibility in order to perform their job well.”

Telephone Services (not including VoIP)

UNSPSC Code:

83111501 Local telephone service
83111502 Long distance telephone services

Definition of Deliverable

This Quick Link refers only to Traditional Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS). Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) and wireless telephone service are the subject of other Quick Links . In addition, telephones, both traditional and IP phones are also the subject of Quick Links . As the Access Board states, “Federal procurement officials need to understand that each product in the transmission path must be examined for compliance with this provision. The overall telecommunications system (both services and hardware) must be selected to ensure that valid signals will not be corrupted along the way to the user.” (https://www.access-board.gov/ict/guide/telecom_tutorial.html)

“Plain old telephone service (POTS), which is the voice-grade telephone service that remains the basic form of residential and small business service connection to the telephone network in most parts of the world. The name is a retronym, and is a reflection of the telephone service still available after the advent of more advanced forms of telephony such as ISDN, mobile phones and VoIP. POTS has been available almost since the introduction of the public telephone system in the late 19th century, in a form mostly unchanged to the normal user despite the introduction of Touch-Tone dialing, electronic telephone exchanges and fiber-optic communication into the public switched telephone network (PSTN).” (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plain_old_telephone_service)

VoIP Services

UNSPSC Code:

83111501 Local telephone service
83111502 Long distance telephone services

Definition of Deliverable

This Quick Link refers only to VoIP. Traditional Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS), and wireless telephone service are the subject of other Quick Links. In addition, telephones, traditional, cell, and IP phones are also the subject of Quick Links . As the Access Board states, “Federal procurement officials need to understand that each product in the transmission path must be examined for compliance with this provision. The overall telecommunications system (both services and hardware) must be selected to ensure that valid signals will not be corrupted along the way to the user.” (https://www.access-board.gov/ict/guide/telecom_tutorial.html)

“Voice over IP (VoIP) is a general term for a family of transmission technologies for delivery of voice communications over IP networks such as the Internet or other packet-switched networks. Other terms frequently encountered and synonymous with VoIP are IP telephony, Internet telephony, voice over broadband (VoBB), broadband telephony, and broadband phone.” (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_over_IP). VoIP includes both Softphones and PC-based VoIP. Softphones look very much like traditional phones, but use the Internet or private IP Networks to communicate. PC-based VoIP uses a computer’s microphone and speakers or headset to communicate. In addition, PC-based and Softphone-bases systems can interoperate.

VoIP is a telecommunications service, if telecommunications products, such as IP phones, Webcams, microphones, headphones or IP telephones are also needed, these products are additional deliverables that require their own Government Product Accessibility Templates.

Video and Imaging Input Devices

UNSPSC Code:

43211700 Computer data input devices
- 43211701 Bar code reader equipment
- 43211702 Magnetic stripe readers and encoders
- 43211704 Currency recognition equipment
- 43211711 Scanners
- 43211714 Biometric identification equipment
- 43211717 Optical character recognition systems
- 43211718 Camera based vision systems for automated data collection (including webcams)
- 43211720 Point of sale payment terminal
- 43211722 Business card scanner

Definition of Deliverable

Three different types of Computer Input Devices are the Subject of Quick Links: Keyboards; Pointing Devices; and, Video and Imaging Input Devices . Video and Imaging Input Devices are the subject of this Quick Link.

A definition of Computer Input Devices from Wikipedia is below. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Input_device#High-degree_of_freedom_input_d…)

“An input device is any peripheral (piece of computer hardware equipment) used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system (such as a computer).”

Further, Imaging and Video Input Devices are defined in Wikipedia as:

“Video input devices are used to digitize images or video from the outside world into the computer. The information can be stored in a multitude of formats depending on the user’s requirement.”

Video Teleconferencing and Maintenance

UNSPSC Code:

45111900 Phone and video teleconference equipment and hardware and controllers
- 45111901 Audioconferencing systems
- 45111902 Videoconferencing systems

Definition of Deliverable

According to Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videoconferencing#Standards) video teleconferencing typically includes both audio and video teleconferencing systems:

“A videoconference or video teleconference (also known as a videoteleconference) is a set of interactive telecommunication technologies which allow two or more locations to interact via two-way video and audio transmissions simultaneously. It has also been called ‘visual collaboration’ and is a type of groupware.

Videoconferencing differs from a videophone calls in that its designed to serve a conference rather than individuals. It is an intermediate form of videotelephony, first deployed commercially by AT&T during the early 1970s using their Picturephone technology. …

The core technology used in a videoteleconference (VTC) system is digital compression of audio and video streams in real time. The hardware or software that performs compression is called a codec (coder/decoder). Compression rates of up to 1:500 can be achieved. The resulting digital stream of 1s and 0s is subdivided into labelled packets, which are then transmitted through a digital network of some kind (usually ISDN or IP). The use of audio modems in the transmission line allow for the use of POTS, or the Plain Old Telephone System, in some low-speed applications, such as videotelephony, because they convert the digital pulses to/from analog waves in the audio spectrum range.

The other components required for a VTC system include:

Video input : video camera or webcam
- Video output: computer monitor, television or projector
- Audio input: microphones, DVD player, cassette player, or any other source of PreAmp audio outlet.
- Audio output: usually loudspeakers associated with the display device or telephone
- Data transfer: analog or digital telephone network, LAN or Internet

There are basically two kinds of VTC systems:

Dedicated systems have all required components packaged into a single piece of equipment, usually a console with a high quality remote controlled video camera. These cameras can be controlled at a distance to pan left and right, tilt up and down, and zoom. They became known as PTZ cameras. The console contains all electrical interfaces, the control computer, and the software or hardware-based codec. Omnidirectional microphones are connected to the console, as well as a TV monitor with loudspeakers and/or a video projector. There are several types of dedicated VTC devices:
1. Large group VTC are non-portable, large, more expensive devices used for large rooms and auditoriums.
2. Small group VTC are non-portable or portable, smaller, less expensive devices used for small meeting rooms.
3. Individual VTC are usually portable devices, meant for single users, have fixed cameras, microphones and loudspeakers integrated into the console.
Desktop systems are add-ons (hardware boards, usually) to normal PCs, transforming them into VTC devices. A range of different cameras and microphones can be used with the board, which contains the necessary codec and transmission interfaces. Most of the desktops systems work with the H.323 standard. Videoconferences carried out via dispersed PCs are also known as e-meetings."

Video teleconferencing systems typically involve both software and Web applications. Maintenance for Video-Teleconferencing includes any new, modifications, patches, updates, etc to software applications, drivers and web-applications that are explicitly included in the maintenance SOW.

Web Application and Maintenance

UNSPSC Code:

43230000 Software
- 43231500 Business function specific software
  - 43231501 Helpdesk or call center software
  - 43231503 Procurement software
  - 43231505 Human resources software
  - 43231506 Materials requirements planning logistics and supply chain software
  - 43231507 Project management software
  - 43231508 Inventory management software
  - 43231509 Bar coding software
  - 43231510 Label making software
  - 43231511 Expert system software
  - 43231512 License management software
  - 43231513 Office suite software
  - 43231514 Sales and marketing software
- 43231600 Finance accounting and enterprise resource planning ERP software
  - 43231601 Accounting software
  - 43231602 Enterprise resource planning ERP software
  - 43231603 Tax preparation software
  - 43231604 Financial analysis software
  - 43231605 Time accounting software
- 43232000 Computer game or entertainment software
  - 43232001 Action games
  - 43232002 Adventure games
  - 43232003 Sports games
  - 43232004 Family software
  - 43232005 Music or sound editing software
- 43232100 Content authoring and editing software
  - 43232101 Pattern design software
  - 43232102 Graphics or photo imaging software
  - 43232103 Video creation and editing software
  - 43232104 Word processing software
  - 43232105 Charting software
  - 43232106 Presentation software
  - 43232107 Web page creation and editing software
  - 43232108 Calendar and scheduling software
  - 43232110 Spreadsheet software
  - 43232111 Optical character reader OCR or scanning software
  - 43232112 Desktop publishing software
- 43232200 Content management software
  - 43232201 Content workflow software
  - 43232202 Document management software
  - 43232203 File versioning software
  - 43232204 Embedded text entry software
  - 43232205 Fonts software
- 43232300 Data management and query software
  - 43232301 Categorization or classification software
  - 43232302 Clustering software
  - 43232303 Customer relationship management CRM software
  - 43232304 Data base management system software
  - 43232305 Data base reporting software
  - 43232306 Data base user interface and query software
  - 43232307 Data mining software
  - 43232309 Information retrieval or search software
  - 43232310 Metadata management software
  - 43232311 Object oriented data base management software
  - 43232312 Portal server software
  - 43232313 Transaction server software
- 43232400 Development software
  - 43232401 Configuration management software
  - 43232402 Development environment software
  - 43232403 Enterprise application integration software
  - 43232404 Graphical user interface development software
  - 43232405 Object or component oriented development software
  - 43232406 Program testing software
  - 43232407 Requirements analysis and system architecture software
  - 43232408 Web platform development software
  - 43232409 Compiler and decompiler software
- 43232500 Educational or reference software
  - 43232501 Foreign language software
  - 43232502 Computer based training software
  - 43232503 Spell checkers
  - 43232504 Route navigation software
  - 43232505 Multi-media educational software
  - 43232506 Encyclopedia software
  - 43232507 Dictionary software
  - 43232508 Phonebook software
- 43232600 Industry specific software
  - 43232601 Aviation ground support software
  - 43232602 Aviation test software
  - 43232603 Facilities management software
  - 43232604 Computer aided design CAD software
  - 43232605 Analytical or scientific software
  - 43232606 Compliance software
  - 43232607 Flight control software
  - 43232608 Industrial control software
  - 43232609 Library software
  - 43232610 Medical software
  - 43232611 Point of sale POS software
  - 43232612 Computer aided manufacturing CAM software
- 43232700 Network applications software
  - 43232701 Application server software
  - 43232702 Desktop communications software
  - 43232703 Interactive voice response software
  - 43232704 Internet directory services software
  - 43232705 Internet browser software
- 43232800 Network management software
  - 43232801 Network monitoring software
  - 43232802 Network operating system enhancement software
  - 43232803 Optical network management software
  - 43232804 Administration software
- 43232900 Networking software
  - 43232901 Access software
  - 43232902 Communications server software
  - 43232903 Contact center software
  - 43232904 Fax software
  - 43232905 LAN software
  - 43232906 Multiplexer software
  - 43232907 Storage networking software
  - 43232908 Switch or router software
  - 43232909 WAN switching software and firmware
  - 43232910 Wireless software
  - 43232911 Network connectivity terminal emulation software
  - 43232912 Gateway software
  - 43232913 Bridge software
  - 43232914 Modem software
  - 43232915 Platform interconnectivity software
  - 43232916 Infrared data transfer irda software
- 43233000 Operating environment software
  - 43233001 Filesystem software
  - 43233002 Network operation system software
  - 43233004 Operating system software
  - 43233005 Computer firmware
- 43233200 Security and protection software
  - 43233201 Authentication server software
  - 43233203 Network security or virtual private network VPN management software
  - 43233204 Network security and virtual private network VPN equipment software
  - 43233205 Transaction security and virus protection software
- 43233400 Utility and device driver software
  - 43233401 Compact disc CD server software
  - 43233402 Data conversion software
  - 43233403 Data compression software
  - 43233404 Compact disc CD or DVD or sound card software
  - 43233405 Device drivers or system software
  - 43233406 Ethernet driver software
  - 43233407 Graphics card driver software
  - 43233410 Printer driver software
  - 43233411 Screen saver software
  - 43233413 Voice recognition software
  - 43233414 Storage media loading software
  - 43233415 Backup or archival software
  - 43233416 Codec stacks
  - 43233417 Handwriting recognition software components
  - 43233418 Memory drivers
  - 43233419 Multimedia stacks
  - 43233420 Text to speech conversion software
  - 43233421 Video drivers
- 43233500 Information exchange software
  - 43233501 Electronic mail software
  - 43233502 Video conferencing software
  - 43233503 Network conferencing software
  - 43233504 Instant messaging software
  - 43233505 Ambient music or advertising messaging software
  - 43233506 Map creation software
  - 43233507 Mobile operator specific standard software
  - 43233508 Mobile operator specific application software
  - 43233509 Mobile messaging service software
  - 43233510 Mobile internet services software
  - 43233511 Mobile location based services software
  - 43233512 Ring tone software
- 43233600 Electrical equipment software
  - 43233601 Motor drive software
  - 43233602 Power monitor software
  - 43233603 Programmable logic control software

Definition of Deliverable

“…A web application or webapp is an application that is accessed via a web browser over a network such as the Internet or an intranet. The term may also mean a computer software application that is hosted in a browser-controlled environment (e.g. a Java applet) or coded in a browser-supported language (such as JavaScript, possibly combined with a browser-rendered markup language like HTML) and reliant on a common web browser to render the application executable…. Common web applications include webmail, online retail sales, online auctions, wikis and many other functions.” (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_application)

This Quick Link refers to computer off-the-shelf COTS web applications. Custom web applications are included in the Quick Link for Internet and Intranet Services .

The range of possible web apps is in theory the same as software applications. In fact, web apps are currently much more limited, but with developments in Cloud Compu ting, the scope of web apps are likely to dramatically increase. Further, webapps often include software applications, such as Browsers, Plug-ins, extensions, etc, then 1194.21 Software and operating systems applies and should be included in the Government Product Accessibility Template.

Webapps can also include Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP). Any telecommunications hardware or service needed to support VoIP would require its own Government Product Accessibility Template.

Web Application Maintenance applies to any new, modifications, patches, updates, etc to software applications that are explicitly included in the maintenance SOW.

Web Application Maintenance applies to any new, modifications, patches, updates, etc to video and multi-media productions that are explicitly included in the maintenance SOW.

Web-based Collaboration Tools

UNSPSC Code:

43233500 Information exchange software
- 43233502 Video conferencing software
- 3233503 Network conferencing software
- 43233504 Instant messaging software

Definition of Deliverable

“Web conferencing is used to conduct live meetings, training, or presentations via the Internet. In a web conference, each participant sits at his or her own computer and is connected to other participants via the internet. This can be either a downloaded application on each of the attendees’ computers or a web-based application where the attendees access the meeting by clicking on a link distributed by e-mail (meeting invitation) to enter the conference.

A webinar is a neologism to describe a specific type of web conference. It is typically one-way, from the speaker to the audience with limited audience interaction, such as in a webcast. A webinar can be collaborative and include polling and question & answer sessions to allow full participation between the audience and the presenter. In some cases, the presenter may speak over a standard telephone line, while pointing out information being presented onscreen, and the audience can respond over their own telephones, speaker phones allowing the greatest comfort and convenience. There are web conferencing technologies on the market that have incorporated the use of VoIP audio technology, to allow for a completely web-based communication. Depending upon the provider, webinars may provide hidden or anonymous participant functionality, making participants unaware of other participants in the same meeting…

Other typical features of a web conference include:

Slide show presentations - where PowerPoint or Keynote slides are presented to the audience and markup tools and a remote mouse pointer are used to engage the audience while the presenter discusses slide content.
Live or Streaming video - where full motion webcam, digital video camera or multi-media files are pushed to the audience.
VoIP (Real time audio communication through the computer via use of headphones and speakers)
Web tours - where URLs, data from forms, cookies, scripts and session data can be pushed to other participants enabling them to be pushed though web based logons, clicks, etc. This type of feature works well when demonstrating websites where users themselves can also participate.
Meeting Recording - where presentation activity is recorded on the client side or server side for later viewing and/or distribution.
Whiteboard with annotation (allowing the presenter and/or attendees to highlight or mark items on the slide presentation. Or, simply make notes on a blank whiteboard.)
Text chat - For live question and answer sessions, limited to the people connected to the meeting. Text chat may be public (echo’ed to all participants) or private (between 2 participants).
Polls and surveys (allows the presenter to conduct questions with multiple choice answers directed to the audience)
Screen sharing/desktop sharing/application sharing (where participants can view anything the presenter currently has shown on their screen. Some screen sharing applications allow for remote desktop control, allowing participants to manipulate the presenters screen, although this is not widely used.)

Web conferencing is often sold as a service, hosted on a web server controlled by the vendor. Offerings vary per vendor but most hosted services provide a cost per user per minute model, a monthly flat fee model and a seat model. Some vendors also provide a server side solution which allows the customer to host their own web conferencing service on their own servers.” (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_conferencing)

Web-based Information, Documentation and Support

Definition of Deliverable

Information, documentation and support (1194.41) should also apply to any EIT solicitation. Information, documentation and support can be provided in four (4) basic formats:

Help desk or call center (oral)
Printed material (e.g., paper documents)
Electronic material (e.g., electronic documents, DVD)
Web access (including any web-based applications).

Overall, the following guidelines for information, documentation and support should always be considered:

Vendors generally provide support for EIT deliverables even if such support is not requested by the agency. This support must meet appropriate accessibility requirements. This support is often in the form of web-based information and documentation. Training and other support information may also be provided using video and multimedia productions.
Paper material should be made available in alternate accessible electronic formats upon request, at no additional charge.

Service deliverables generally include information and documentation in the form of reports. Since these reports are shared in electronic formats, either as email attachments or posted on internal and/or external websites, all electronic documents should be accessible.

Web-based Training

UNSPSC Code:

86000000 (segment) Education and Training Services

Definition of Deliverable

Web-based training or “Virtual courses … are courses delivered on the Internet [or intranet]. “Virtual” is used here to characterize the fact that the course is not taught in a classroom face-to-face but through some substitute mode that can be associated with classroom teaching.

A virtual program (or a virtual course of studies) is a study program in which all courses or at least a significant portion of the courses are virtual courses. …Many virtual study programs are mainly text based, using HTML, PowerPoint, or PDF documents. Multimedia technologies have been investigated for many years and eventually found their way into practice. Today a wide spectrum of instruction modes is available, including the following:

Virtual Classroom: A virtual classroom is a learning environment created in the virtual space. The objectives of a virtual classroom are to improve access to advanced educational experiences by allowing students and instructors to participate in remote learning communities using personal computers; and to improve the quality and effectiveness of education by using the computer to support a collaborative learning process. The explosion of the knowledge age has changed the context of what is learnt and how it is learnt - the concept of virtual classrooms is a manifestation of this knowledge revolution.
Hypertext courses: Structured course material is used as in a conventional distance education program. However, all material is provided electronically and can be viewed with a browser. Hyperlinks connect text, multimedia parts and exercises in a meaningful way.
Video-based courses are like face-to-face classroom courses, with a lecturer speaking and PowerPoint slides or online examples used for illustration. A video-streaming technology is used. Students watch the video by means of freeware or plug-ins (e.g. Windows Media Player, RealPlayer)….
Animated courses: Enriching text-oriented … material by animations is generally a good way of making the content and its appearance more interesting. Animations are created using Macromedia Flash or similar technologies. These animations help understand key concepts and also allow for better retention of learning.
Web-supported textbook courses are based on specific textbooks. Students read and reflect the chapters by themselves. Review questions, topics for discussion, exercises, case studies, etc. are given chapterwise on a website and discussed with the lecturer. Class meetings may be held to discuss matters in a chatroom, for example.
Peer-to-peer courses are courses taught “on-demand” and without a prepared curriculum. A new field of online education has emerged in 2007 through new online education platforms.” (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_education#Platforms)

1194.22 Web-based intranet and Internet applications and information are the means of delivering training. If acquisition of telecommunications products (e.g. for Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)) or telecommunications services or information kiosks or computer products is also required, these are additional EIT deliverables, each requiring a Government Product Accessibility Template (GPAT).

ART - Glossary

Glossary Instructions

Please select the first letter of the glossary term

Call (Contact/Help Desk) Center Services

Cloud Computing

Computer-based Training

Computer Monitor

Computer Printer and Maintenance

Data Services or Information Retrieval Systems

Desktop/Portable Computer and Maintenance

Digital Camera

eBooks

eBooks Reader

eBooks Software

Electronic Documents

Fax Only

GPS Navigation Device

Information Content Services

Internet or Intranet Services

IP Telephones

Keyboards and Keypads

Management Information System Services

Mobile Application

Multifunction Machines and Maintenance

Pointing Devices

Scientific Instruments

Server

Smartphone and Maintenance

Software Development Services

Software- Application and Operating System Software

Software-Driver Software

Software Maintenance Services

Systems Administration

Telephone Services (not including VoIP)

VoIP Services

Video and Imaging Input Devices

Video Teleconferencing and Maintenance

Web Application and Maintenance

Web-based Collaboration Tools

Web-based Information, Documentation and Support

Web-based Training